Internal combustion engine fed with heavy fuels



A.. BAGNULO 2,065,419

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE FEDWITH HEAVY FUELS Dec. 2 2, 1936.

Filed Feb. 15, 1933 J w A r r /K/ //F////// ////////4&

Patented Dec. 22, 1936 PATENT OFFICE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE FED wrrn HEAVY FUELS Albert Bagnulo, Courbevoie, France Application February 13, 1933, Serial No. 656,602

In France March 2, 1932 i 4 Claims.

In engines adapted to be fed with heavy fuels particularly, and more generally with liquid fuels, the independence between the injecting and the suction device contributes to make the engine more complicated and to provoke irregularities in the carburetion process.

The present invention relates to improvements in such engines, according to which the mixture in suitable proportions and the vaporization of the fuel are effected preliminarily under the sole effect of the pressure lowering caused by the piston during its suction stroke.

The features of the invention which I believe to be patentable are pointed out with particularity in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, together with further objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood by reference to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing which shows by way of example in section, an embodiment of an engine according to the invention.

In this engine, the fuel is sucked, not directly into the cylinder C, but into an additional combustion chamber A.

The main volume of fresh and pure air is sucked directly into the cylinder through valve S or any such known and usual means.

The reason of such disposition is to avoid the passing through the cylinder of any fuel before its burning.

B is an additional valve opening into combustion chamber A. The additional air and fuel are sucked respectively through the chamber 0 and the spraying nozzle G, the nozzle G being fed from the constant level tank Q. However, the air and fuel proportion flowing through 3 will, in any case, form a mixture too abundant in liquid particles for igniting.

Between spraying nozzle G and valve B is located a butterfly valve D. This butterfly valve D is controlled by the usual means and serves to vary the quantity of the rich mixture applied to the engine during each suction stroke. It may be of any suitable shape. The said butterfly valve may be omitted and its working replaced by a suitable variation of the lift of valve B, such action being obtained, forlnstance, by means of an eccentric drive controlling the tumbler R. Of course, any other suitable mechanicalmeans may be used for the same purpose.

Valve B may be automatically actuated and, in such case, the variation in its lift may be obtained by means of an adjustable stop (not shown) located between the base M and the cup N of 55 valve 3.

If it is desired to run the engine with feeding by. means of two or morefuels, simultaneously or not, as for example, spirit and an oil, there may be provided several spraying nozzles in the chamber 0. Fig. 2 represents a section of the cham- 5 ber O, in line with the spraying nozzle G of Fig; 1. This adaptation provides for the feeding of a plurality of fuels, and comprises two identical spraying nozzles, penetrating intothe chamber 0, the fuels entering through the paths 1 and 2.

The device according to the invention may be used to feed either one or several of the cylinders of a given engine.

The present invention is not,'of, course, limited to the particular embodiment above described 15 by way of example; it may accommodate the numerous modifications of which the man of the art is aware, without departing from its general meaning.

I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder provided with piston, in combination, a single chamber having hot walls for the vaporization and combustion of fuel therein, said chamber being mounted on the cylinder and 25 connected with the interior thereof through a restricted opening, a fuel feeding device for this chamber comprising a pipe open to atmospheric air and at least one spraying nozzle located in said pipe and delivering a liquid fuel, the said 30 nozzle being adjusted so that there is formed in said pipe a rich non-explosive mixture of fuel and air, a valve controlling the intercommunication between the pipe and the chamber and controlled for opening within the downward piston 35 stroke whereby the mixture is supplied to said chamber under the sucking effect of partial vacuum in the cylinder during a portion of the said downward stroke, means for quantitatively controlling the mixture passing through the pipe, 40 means for converting the rich mixture in the chamber into an explosive working charge comprising a valve on the cylinder for sucking therethrough a mass of atmospheric air during a further portion of the downward stroke of the piston, 45

this mass being forced into the said chamber during the upward stroke of the piston, and means for igniting the said working charge in the chamber.

2. In an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder provided with piston, in combination, a single combustion chamber having hot walls for the vaporization and combustion of fuel therein, said chamber being mounted on the cylinder and connected with the interior thereof through a restricted openingja fuel feeding ileatmospheric air'and at least one spraying nozzle vice for this chamber comprising a pipe open to located in said pipe and delivering a liquid fuel,

the said nozzle being adjusted so that there is" formed in said pipe 9, rich non-explosive mixture of fuel and air, a valve controlling the inter communication between the pipe and the chamber and controlled for opening within the downward piston stroke whereby the mixture is supplied to said chamber under the sucking effect of partial vacuum in the cylinder during a portion of the said downward stroke,- a butterfly valve ber during the upward stroke of the piston, and

means for igniting the said working charge in the chamber.

3. In an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder provided with piston, in combination, a single chamber having hotfwalls for the'vaporization and combustion of fuel therein, said chamber being'mounted on the cylinder and connected with the interior thereof through a restricted opening, ayfuelfeeding device for this .chamber comprising a pipe open to atmospheric air-and at least one spraying nozzle located in said pipe and delivering a liquid fuel, the said nozzle being adjusted so that there is formed in said pipe a rich non-explosive mixture of fuel" and air a valve controlling the intercommunication between the pipe and the chamber and controlled for opening within the downward piston stroke whereby the mixture is supplied to said chamber under the sucking efiect of partial vacu-' um' in thecylinder during a portion of the said a,oe ,41o

downward stroke, means for regulating thelift of said valve, means for converting the rich mixture in the chamber into an explosive working charge comprising a valve on said cylinder for sucking therethrough a mass of atmospheric air during another phase of the downward stroke of the piston,'this mass being forced into the chamber during the upward stroke of the piston, and means for igniting the said working charge in the chamber,

4. In an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder provided with piston, incombination, a single chamber having hot walls for the vaporization and combustion of fuel therein, said chamber being mounted on the cylinder and connected with the interior thereof through a restricted opening, a fuel feeding device for this chamber comprising a pipe; open to atmospheric air and at least one spraying nozzle located in said pipe and delivering a liquid fuel, the said nozzle being adjusted so that there is formed in said pipe '9, rich non-explosive mixture of fueland air, a

valve controlling the intercommunication between I the pipe and the chamber and controlled for 1 opening within the downward piston stroke whereby the mixture is supplied to said chamber under the sucking eil'ect of partial vacuum in the cylinder during a portion of the said downward stroke, means for regulating the lift of the said valve, a butterfly valve in the pipe between the said valve and thenozzle, means for converting the rich mixture in the chamber into an explosive working charge comprising a valve on the cylin- ,der for sucking therethrough a mass of atmospheric air during another phase of the downwand stroke of the piston, this mass being forced'{ into the chamber during the upward stroke of the piston, and means for igniting the said working 7 charge in the chamber.

ALBERT BAGNULO. 

